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...testing
the
mettle of
land stewards

"Some farmers have always believed that plowing under green residue increases the soil's organic matter. Nothing could be further from the truth. We actually decrease organic matter by dumping oxygen into our soil and letting it vaporize out as carbon dioxide. This happens very quickly and it's very difficult to rebuild."

-David Dukes, Iowa Grower

By measuring the amount of carbon dioxide released from the soil following tillage, researchers can now confirm that plowed fields lose up to five times more carbon than unplowed fields.

Midwest...

Pre-Planning
Identify acres for crop production
Evaluate weeds and control 
   noxious problems
Evaluate residue cover, mow or
   bale, remove if excessive
Evaluate field conditions and level
   mounds if necessary (with light
   disking or railroad rail)

Summer Burndown - 1997 Warm-
Season Grasses Herbicide Application

Mow grasses in June (April is 
   ideal, if permitted) or when warm
   season grasses are active
Allow 8-12 inches of regrowth
In early July, apply 64 oz/A
   Roundup Ultra (caution: drought
   stress reduces effectiveness of
   application)

Fall Burndown - 1997 Cool-
Season Grasses Herbicide Application

Mow grasses July to August
Allow 8-12 inches regrowth
September to late October (before
    killing frost), apply 48-64 oz/A
    Roundup Ultra

Winter - 1997
Allow decomposition of above
   ground residue and below ground
   root mass

Spring Burndown - 1998
Cool-Season Grass Burndown

Delay as long as possible to see
   what's there (late April)
Allow 8-12 inches regrowth at 
   least until early May
Apply 64-96 oz/A Roundup Ultra
Wait 7-14 days before planting
   (may limit to shorter season crop
   like soybeans)

-OR-

Cool-Season Grass Aid-to-Tillage
Delay as long as possible
Allow 8-12 inches of regrowth
Apply 32-64 oz/A Roundup Ultra
Wait 7-10 days before tillage

Crop Selection: Considerations
In-season weed control: planted crop should be compatible with post
   emergence perennial grass control
Soybeans could be better suited to transition from grass the first season
In soybeans, use a pre/post program or a total post program with 
   Roundup Ultra, consider herbicide-tolerant soybeans
In corn, use a sound residual program followed by postemerge if needed


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